Oil-gas apparatus



(No Model.) 2 sheets-snm 1 A. HENNING.

OIL GAS APPARATUS. No.. 416,609. Patented Deo. 3, 1-889.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.V

A, HENNING. Y OIL GAS APPARATUS. n No. 416,609. A Patented Dec. a, 1889.

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UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

ABEL I-IENNING, OF OAKLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGN- Y MENTS, OF ONE-HALF TO ALFRED M. BELT, OF ALAMEDA,`AND THOMAS FLINT, OF SAN JUAN, CALIFORNIA.

OI L-GAS APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,609,V dated December 3, 1889.

l Application filed J' une 14, 1888. Serial No. 277,147- (No model.) i

To all whom, it may concern;

Be itknown that I, ABEL HENNING, of Oakland, Alameda county, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Oil-Gas Apparatus; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to an improved apparatus for the manufacture of gas from naphtha or other similar hydrocarbon product.

It consists in certain details of construction, all of which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of my apparatus. Fig. 2 is a transverse ver tical section of the same, taken through the retorts and heating-furnace.

A is the bench or casing for retorts, of which three are shown in the present case, the two retorts B B receiving the naphtha or other light hydrocarbon product through the pipe D froman elevated reservoir, and the retort C being situated above the two retorts B, so that the gas formed in B B will be delivered into C through pipes E.

F is a furnace, from which the retorts are heated. This furnace is supplied with petroleum or other inflammable liquid through the pipe G, having an injector-nozzle II.

I is a pipe surrounding the injector-nozzle, into which steam is received through the pipe J from the boiler K, and the combined steam and petroleum are injected into the furnace through the nozzle. (Shown at L.)

Water to supply the boiler K is delivered to it through the pipe M. The three pipes D, G, and M receive their supply from the tanks N, O, and P, respectively. The supply of naphtha or hydrocarbon liquid to the retorts is controlled by a valve Q, operated by a valve-stem from the lever R, which is fulcrumed on the post S. The opposite end of this lever is connected by a linkwith the ver- 45 tically-moving bellows T, so that when the bellows closes the valve Q is opened, and when the bellows is expanded by pressure this valve will be closed, so as to cut off the supply of naphtha. It will be manifest that apiston moving in a cylinder would be equally effective to actuate the valve. .p U is a gasometer rising and falling in the tank V, having the usual guides and counter- Weights.

The gas after being made in the retorts is led to the gasometer as follows: Leaving the upper retort C, it passes through the pipe W,

which delivers it into the Washing-chamber' X, which contains water. A series of partitions Y overlap each other, arising alternately from the bottom and-depending from the top of the washing-chamber, so as to form a sinuous passage through which the gas passes, and is brought into contact with the water so as to From the Washing-chamber X the gas.

which air is admitted to the pipe e and thence into the chamber d,'w here it is mixed with the gas arriving from the retort, and forced with 4it by the discharge from the nozzle a into the pipe d, so as to be carried into the gasometer U. If it is desiredto use more of the gas and less of the air, it is done by opening the cock g in the by-pass pipe h, which leads the gas around the chamber d and directly into the pipe b without any admixture of air.

i is a drip-tank into which the condensations from the pipes b and c may be deposited as they accumulate, and j is a pipe through which the condensed deposit maybe pumped out from the tank t' from time to time, as may be needed. The outlet-pipe 7c also has an opening or branch into this dripfta'nk, the gas y being prevented froml escaping in this direction, however, by ,means of a partition Z, ,p which dips into the Water or liquid contained in the drip-tank.

m is a pipe leading from the pipe I) upward into the bellows T.

n is a cock which when open allows gas un-V f der pressure from the supply-pipe b to enter the bellows T, thus expanding it, and through it operating the lever R to close the naphthasupply valve Q. T his valve n is opened by means of a lever-arm o, which is engaged by the projection p on the side of the gasometer U.

W'hen the gasometer rises, the projection p engages the lever o and turns it sufficiently to open the cock n and allow gas to pass into the bellows T, with the result above described. The supply being cut ol from the retorts, the quantity of gas delivered to the gasometer will'soon be diminished, and the latter will vsink by reason of the gas being discharged from it more rapidly than it is delivered into it. As it sinks, the spring r, pulling on the lever o, closes the valve n, and thus prevents further admission of gas into the bellows T. As the gasometer continues to sink in its tank, the projection p engages the lever-arm s, and through it operates the cock t in the pipe u. This pipe u leads from the pipe m, being connected wit-h it at the point above the cock n, so that when the valve t is opened,

the gas within the bellows T will escape, pass ing through the pipe m, pipe u, and the valve t, which allows the upper part of the bellows to close down by gravitation, it being weighted sufficiently for this purpose.

Vhen the bellows closes, the lever R acts` to open the valve Q and again admit naphtha to iow into the retorts, which it does by gravitation, and gas will againv commence to form and be delivered into the gasometer, thus raising it again. The valve 1fl is closed as soon as the gasometer commences to rise by the action of the spring t upon the lever s, which controls the valve, this lever being released from the preasure of the lug or arm p as soon as the gasometer rises. By this device I have an automatic control over the supply of gas-making material, so that the apparatus will be self-operative and self-regulating.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a gas apparatus, a retort adapted to vaporize hydrocarbon oil, a'tank with a pipe leading therefrom to the retort, a valve adapted to control the passage of oil from said in the pipe from the gasometer to .the cham.

ber of variable capacity, a pipe leading from this pipe between said valve and chamber, a

valve in said second pipe, arms or levers at-` tached to said valves, and an arm on the gasometer adapted to engage and operate said valves, substantially as described.

2. In a gas apparatus, a retort adapted to vaporize hydrocarbon oil, a tank with a-pipe leading 'therefrom to the retort, a valve adapted to control the passage of oil from said tank, a gasometer, and a pipe connecting the .retort with the gasometer and adapted to deliver gas thereto, in combination with a chamber of variable capacity, a pipe connecting said chamber with the gasometer, a lever one end of which is so connected with the movable side of said chamber and the other with the -stem .of the valve which controls the retort-supplyas to open and close said valve as the chamber contracts or expands, a valve in the pipe from the gasometer to the chamber of Variable capacity, a pipe leading from this pipe between said valve and chamber, a valve in said second pipe, arms or levers attached to said valves, an arm on the gasometer adapted to engage and open said valves, and springs adapted to close said ABEL IIENNING.

Titnessesz S. H. NoURsE, H. C. LEE. 

